The CDC estimates that 1 in 4 adults over 65 years old will fall each year. Given this prevalence, you or someone you know could be at risk for falling. Studies have determined a number of factors that can help to quantify a person’s risk for experiencing a fall. Some of these factors can be modified through a variety of interventions; both medical and otherwise. This article will discuss the factors associated with increased fall risk and the potential treatment options available.
Risk Factors for Falling
The factors associated with increased risk of falling can be divided into two categories: intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsic factors are unique to each person’s body, while extrinsic factors consider the environment surrounding an individual.
Intrinsic Factors
- Advanced age
- Previous falls
- Muscle weakness
- Gait & balance problems
- Poor vision
- Postural hypotension
- Chronic conditions including arthritis, stroke, incontinence, diabetes, Parkinson’s, dementia
- Fear of falling
Extrinsic Factors
- Lack of stair handrails
- Poor stair design
- Lack of bathroom grab bars
- Dim lighting or glare
- Obstacles & tripping hazards
- Slippery or uneven surfaces
- Psychoactive medications
- Improper use of assistive device
- Reducing the Risk of Falling
The intrinsic factors listed above can generally be addressed through a variety of medical interventions. For example, physical therapy can address muscle weakness, gait and balance problems, alleviate symptoms of chronic conditions and reduce fear of falling. Others in the medical field, such as a physician, can help provide additional interventions to further relieve symptoms from chronic conditions.
The extrinsic factors can be addressed by modification of a person’s home environment. Grab bars can be installed, night lights can be used, and tripping hazards such as rugs can be modified to reduce the risk of falling. Additionally, a physical therapist can provide instruction on proper use of an assistive device and safe negotiation of stairs.
If you are affected by any of the factors mentioned above, you could benefit from physical therapy. A physical therapist can analyze your movement and strength and discuss your home set-up to best address your deficits and areas of concern. Call Respire Physical Therapy at 703-671-1871 or click here to schedule an appointment with one of our Physical Therapists to mitigate your risk of falling and build confidence in your walking abilities!
Tags: Fall Risk, Fall Prevention, arlingtonva, alexandriava, fallschurchva, movement freedom, gait training, Physical Therapy, balance training, Respire Physical Therapy, movementismedicine, physical therapist, prevent falls
