The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) allows you to open and close your mouth and shift your jaw forward and backward and side-to-side. Normally, these motions are pain-free and smooth. In some cases, opening and closing of the jaw can cause clicking and pain. This is something that may warrant a closer look to identify any problems and to restore normal motion of the joint.
TMJ Disorders
Clicking may be indicative of abnormal joint motion. One of the most common reasons for this is a type of TMJ disorder called disc displacement with reduction. Similar to most other joints in the body, the TMJ is a synovial joint. This means that it has two articulating surfaces, a joint capsule joining them, and structures to provide support and facilitate joint movement. One of these structures is the articular disc that lies in the joint between the mandible and the skull. This is what can lead to clicking of the jaw upon opening and closing of the mouth.
What Causes Clicking?
With disc displacement with reduction, the disc within the joint is incorrectly shifted forward. As the mouth opens, this disc then slips back into its normal position. This change in the disc is what causes the clicking sensation and can occur with or without pain.
Treating TMJ Disorders
Addressing these issues starts with a more conservative approach. This often consists of lifestyle changes, relaxation techniques, occlusal splints, and exercises. Exercises will often include opening and closing, shifting side to side, and protrusion and retrusion of the jaw. Studies have shown these approaches can be effective in reducing clicking and pain in a significant percentage of individuals.
If you have clicking of the jaw, pain with chewing, or limiting opening of the mouth, you may be experiencing abnormal function of the temporomandibular joint. Physical therapy can help you better understand your condition and identify appropriate exercises that can allow you to restore normal motion and function of the jaw. Call Respire Physical Therapy at 703-671-1871 or click here to request an initial evaluation with a physical therapist to begin treatment! 
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